Chemistry Regents Practice Test

Which element has properties characteristic of metals?

1. Carbon

2. Silicon

3. Gallium

4. Argon

The correct answer is: Gallium

Gallium is a metal that belongs to group 13 of the periodic table. It exhibits several properties characteristic of metals, such as electrical conductivity, malleability, ductility, and a shiny metallic luster. Unlike nonmetals, which tend to be poor conductors and have relatively low melting and boiling points, gallium is solid at room temperature and has a melting point that is just above room temperature (about 29.76 °C or 85.57 °F). This allows it to melt in your hand, showcasing its unique metallic properties. In contrast, carbon and silicon are classified as nonmetals and metalloids, respectively. Carbon typically forms covalent bonds and does not exhibit metallic characteristics, while silicon has some semiconducting properties but lacks the full array of metallic traits. Argon, being a noble gas, is completely nonmetallic; it is inert and does not conduct electricity or have the typical properties of metals. Thus, gallium stands out as the element with properties characteristic of metals.